> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components.md).

# Components

- [Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/overview.md): Explore the Validium Network, a flexible, open-source framework designed for creating sovereign ZK-powered Ethereum rollups, known as ZK chains, utilizing the foundational technology of Validium.
- [Smart & System Contracts](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/smart-and-system-contracts.md)
- [Smart Contracts](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/smart-and-system-contracts/smart-contracts.md): Explore the architecture of Layer 2 smart contracts on Ethereum and their role in the elastic chain ecosystem.
- [System Contracts](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/smart-and-system-contracts/system-contracts.md)
- [Shared Bridges](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/shared-bridges.md): Explore the design and functionality of Shared Bridges within Ethereum's ZK chain ecosystem, including future features and system upgrades.
- [Sequencer / Server](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/sequencer-server.md): Overview of the Validium Network Sequencer, detailing its components and functionalities for monitoring and maintaining L1 and L2 operations.
- [Validium Network EVM](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/validium-network-evm.md)
- [Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/validium-network-evm/overview.md): Learn about the Validium Network VM's functionality, its role in the Validium Network compared to the EVM in Ethereum, and how it handles smart contracts and transaction fees.
- [Bootloader](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/validium-network-evm/bootloader.md): Overview of the bootloader in  Validium Network, which processes transactions in batch mode for efficiency, including its role and operational mechanics.
- [Precompiles](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/validium-network-evm/precompiles.md): Explanation of precompiled contracts for elliptic curve operations essential for zkSNARK verification.
- [Virtual Machine Specification](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/validium-network-evm/virtual-machine-specification.md)
- [ZKsync Virtual Machine primer](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/validium-network-evm/virtual-machine-specification/zksync-virtual-machine-primer.md)
- [VM Formal Specification](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/validium-network-evm/virtual-machine-specification/vm-formal-specification.md)
- [Prover](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover.md)
- [Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/overview.md): Exploring the prover in  Validium Network, a ZK rollup technology, which ensures secure and efficient transaction verification through cryptographic proofs.
- [ZK Terminology](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/zk-terminology.md): This article provides definitions for key terms used in  Validium Network's zero-knowledge proof systems.
- [Running the Prover](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/running-the-prover.md): Our ZK code is spread across three repositories:
- [Circuits](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits.md)
- [Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/overview.md)
- [Circuit Testing](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/circuit-testing.md)
- [CodeDecommitter](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/codedecommitter.md)
- [DemuxLogQueue](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/demuxlogqueue.md)
- [ECRecover](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/ecrecover.md)
- [KeccakRoundFunction](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/keccakroundfunction.md)
- [L1MessagesHasher](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/l1messageshasher.md)
- [LogSorter](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/logsorter.md)
- [Main VM](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/main-vm.md)
- [RAMPermutation](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/rampermutation.md)
- [Sha256RoundFunction](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/sha256roundfunction.md)
- [StorageApplication](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/storageapplication.md)
- [Sorting and Deduplicating](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/sorting-and-deduplicating.md)
- [Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/sorting-and-deduplicating/overview.md)
- [SortDecommitments](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/sorting-and-deduplicating/sortdecommitments.md)
- [StorageSorter](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/sorting-and-deduplicating/storagesorter.md)
- [LogSorter](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/circuits/sorting-and-deduplicating/logsorter.md)
- [Boojum Gadgets](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/boojum-gadgets.md)
- [Boojum Function - \`check\_if\_satisfied\`](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/prover/boojum-function-check_if_satisfied.md)
- [Compiler](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler.md)
- [Compiler Toolchain Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/compiler-toolchain-overview.md)
- [Compiler Toolchain Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/compiler-toolchain-overview/compiler-toolchain-overview.md)
- [Solidity Compiler](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/compiler-toolchain-overview/solidity-compiler.md)
- [Vyper Compiler](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/compiler-toolchain-overview/vyper-compiler.md)
- [LLVM Framework](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/compiler-toolchain-overview/llvm-framework.md)
- [Specification](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification.md)
- [Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/overview.md)
- [Code Separation](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/code-separation.md)
- [System Contracts](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/system-contracts.md)
- [Exception Handling](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/exception-handling.md)
- [EVM Legacy Assembly Translator](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/evm-legacy-assembly-translator.md)
- [Instructions](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions.md)
- [Instruction Reference](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/instruction-reference.md)
- [EVM](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm.md)
- [Native EVM Instructions](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/native-evm-instructions.md)
- [Arithmetic](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/arithmetic.md)
- [Bitwise](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/bitwise.md)
- [Block](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/block.md)
- [Call](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/call.md)
- [Create](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/create.md)
- [Environment](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/environment.md)
- [Logging](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/logging.md)
- [Logical](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/logical.md)
- [Memory](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/memory.md)
- [Return](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/return.md)
- [Sha3](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/sha3.md)
- [Stack](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm/stack.md)
- [Extensions](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/extensions.md)
- [Overview](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/extensions/overview.md)
- [Validium Network Extension Simulation (call)](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/extensions/validium-network-extension-simulation-call.md)
- [Validium Network Extension Simulation (verbatim)](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/extensions/validium-network-extension-simulation-verbatim.md)
- [EVM Legacy Assembly](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/evm-legacy-assembly.md)
- [Yul](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/instructions/yul.md)
- [EraVM Binary Layout](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/compiler/specification/eravm-binary-layout.md): How assembler listing looks like and how it is transformed into a binary file, sent to the chain.
- [Fee Withdrawer](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/fee-withdrawer.md): Learn about the Fee Withdrawer, a tool that automates the transfer of collected fees from a ZK chain to a base layer address.
- [Portal - Wallet + Bridge](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/portal-wallet-+-bridge.md): Discover how the Portal dApp facilitates interaction with your ZK chain, including asset bridging, transaction tracking, and contract management.
- [Block Explorer](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/block-explorer.md): Explore the functionality of Block Explorer, a comprehensive tool for monitoring activities on your ZK chain.
- [Transaction filtering](https://validium.gitbook.io/docs/components/transaction-filtering.md): Learn how to filter transactions on the ZK chain, including L1→L2 and L2 transactions.